1. Copper smelting industry
The production process of copper is one of the most methods in various non-ferrous metals, and the production process of copper in China not only includes all the copper process in the world, but also includes unique processes in China, such as silver copper smelting method and oxygen bottom blow melting furnace.
In the process of copper smelting by fire process, the difference mainly lies in the production of copper matte, while the converter blowing and copper refining are basically the same.
1) Flash furnace
Due to the high temperature in the reactor, the high speed air flow mixed with melt erodes and corrodes the reactor tower, so the wall of the reactor tower must be made of high quality refractory material which is resistant to high temperature, erosion and corrosion. At present, electromolten magnesia chrome brick is used. In order to protect the electromolten magnesia chrome brick, several layers of horizontal copper plate water jacket are sandwiched in the brick masonry, water-cooled copper pipe or vertical copper plate water jacket is set between the brick masonry and the shell, and ordinary magnesia chrome brick is used for masonry in the top and upper low-temperature area of the reaction tower. The connection part between the reactor tower and the top of the sedimentation tank (the same connection part between the sedimentation tank and the rising flue) is subject to the erosion and strong corrosion of the high-temperature melt and the high temperature air flow containing dust, and the lining is easily damaged, so the structure of the finned copper tube with refractory castable or the copper water sleeve with high-quality magnesium-chrome brick is usually used.
The main function of the sedimentation tank is to further complete the slagging reaction and precipitate the separating melt (where the slag and matte are separated). The sedimentation tank slag line, especially near the side wall and end wall slag line at the lower part of the reaction tower, is seriously eroded by high-temperature melt. Usually, in addition to high-quality materials such as pre-reaction magnesia chrome brick and directly bonded magnesia chrome brick, these parts are also equipped with horizontal copper water jacket, cooling copper pipe and inclined copper water jacket to extend their service life. The top of the sedimentation tank is also the part seriously washed by high-temperature airflow. Usually, in the axial direction, the "H" type water-cooled beam with fin water-cooled copper pipe is arranged with refractory castable, and the cooling water is sandwiched in the top brick of the furnace to prevent the axial deformation of the settling tank top.