The new high efficiency and energy saving furnace developed by aluminum smelting technology can meet the aluminum smelting process in use, and is conducive to improving working conditions and production efficiency. Of course, as a low-temperature boiler, the temperature of the aluminum furnace is just right, the general working temperature is 800~950℃, but because of the high activity of aluminum and its alloys. After melting, the properties of water are close to 20 ° C water. Compared with medium and low temperature boilers with a temperature of 800~950 ° C, aluminum furnaces are also widely used in refractory materials. When the aluminum furnace is operating, the material is highly permeable. It is easy to soak refractories and react with them, resulting in changes in the volume of refractories, gradually producing cracks and damaging the surface of refractories. Then what are the causes of damage and cracking caused by refractory materials in aluminum melting furnace and the solutions?
First of all, we must be clear about the causes of damage and cracking caused by refractory materials in aluminum smelting furnaces, and summarize the following three aspects:
First, aluminum water will penetrate into the pores or small cracks of the refractory, gradually leading to the phenomenon of cracking and falling off the refractory in the structure. And once the construction personnel do not find the problem in time, it will slowly lead to the erosion of the entire refractory material. In addition, aluminum and its alloys are easy to produce physical and chemical reactions of impurities in refractories, and the substances produced in the reaction process can seriously affect the quality of aluminum products.
Second, the internal aluminum liquid reacts with the refractory to adhere to the material, forming surface nodules, bumps and deposits, once this material is formed, it is difficult to clean up. Therefore, mechanical cleaning methods are generally chosen, and this cleaning method will also have a great impact on the delivery of materials.
Third, in the production process of aluminum smelting furnace cleaning, slag and other mechanical operations, will cause serious wear and tear to the furnace shell, furnace wall, furnace bottom, etc.
If you want to solve the phenomenon of damage and cracking caused by refractory materials used in aluminum smelting furnace, it is recommended to take the following measures:
First, improve the density of refractories and reduce the porosity of materials. If the refractory has high density and low porosity, it can effectively prevent the penetration of aluminum and its alloys.
Second, improve the resistance of refractory materials to aluminum water erosion. Improve the resistance of refractory to aluminum water erosion, can effectively prevent aluminum water penetration, prevent aluminum water and aluminum slag adhesion. The sio_2 and impurities in the refractory easily react with α and mg in the liquid aluminum and cause the volume change of the refractory. Make the refractory to form cracks, accelerate the corrosion of aluminum water to the refractory. Therefore, the higher the aluminum content of the refractory, the higher the purity, the less likely it is to react with aluminum water, and the better the corrosion resistance. At the same time, additives can also be added to the refractory, such as barium salt, chromium salt and aluminum water reaction to form a protective layer to increase the corrosion resistance of the refractory;